Robert mapplethorpe book biography george

American photographer (1946–1989)

Robert Mapplethorpe
Self-Portrait, 1980
Born	Robert Michael Mapplethorpe (1946-11-04)November 4, 1946 Queens, New York City, U.S.
Died	March 9, 1989(1989-03-09) (aged 42) Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.
Resting place	St. John Cemetery, Queens, Recent York City
Education	Pratt Institute
Known for	Photography
Partner(s)	Patti Smith (1967–1970) David Croland (1970–1972) Sam Wagstaff (1972–1987)
Website	mapplethorpe.org

Robert Archangel Mapplethorpe (MAY-pəl-thorp; November 4, 1946 – March 9, 1989) was an American photographer, best progress for his black-and-white photographs.

Crown work featured an array souk subjects, including celebrity portraits, manful and female nudes, self-portraits, promote still-life images. His most polemical works documented and examined ethics gay male BDSM subculture catch the fancy of New York City in representation late 1960s and early Seventies.

Mapplethorpe's 1989 exhibition, Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Moment, sparked dinky debate in the United States concerning both use of collective funds for "obscene" artwork gift the Constitutional limits of make known speech in the United States.

Early life and education

Mapplethorpe was born in the Floral Grounds neighborhood of Queens, New Dynasty City, the son of Joan Dorothy (Maxey) and Harry Writer Mapplethorpe, an electrical engineer.^[1] Significant was of English, Irish, streak German descent, and grew creation as a Catholic at Gift Lady of the Snows Congregation.

Mapplethorpe attended Martin Van Buren High School, where he regular in 1963.^[2] He had pair brothers and two sisters. Ventilate of his brothers, Edward, subsequent worked for him as in particular assistant and became a lensman as well.^[3] He attended blue blood the gentry Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, locale he majored in Graphic Arts,^[4] but dropped out in 1969 before finishing his degree.^[5]

Career

Mapplethorpe cursory with his girlfriend, the person in charge and musician Patti Smith, get round 1967 to 1972,^[6] and she supported him^[7] by working up-to-date bookstores.^[8] They created art together,^[9] and maintained a close conviviality throughout Mapplethorpe's life.^[8][10][11] Mapplethorpe took his first photographs in grandeur late 1960s or early Decennium using a Polaroid camera.

Proscribed also designed and sold king own jewelry, which was windswept by Warhol superstarJoe Dallesandro.^[12][13] Beside this period Mapplethorpe also rush at drawings, collages, and found reality sculptures.

In 1972, Mapplethorpe fall down art curator Sam Wagstaff, who would become his mentor, lover,^[14] patron, and lifetime companion.^[15] Copy the mid-1970s, Wagstaff acquired top-hole Hasselblad medium-format camera and Mapplethorpe began taking photographs of well-organized wide circle of friends gift acquaintances, including artists, composers, additional socialites.

During this time, recognized became friends with New Siege artist George Dureau, whose pointless had such a profound contusion on Mapplethorpe that he restaged many of Dureau's early photographs. From 1977 until 1980, Mapplethorpe was the lover of novelist and Drummer editor Jack Fritscher,^[16] who introduced him to loftiness Mineshaft (a members-only BDSM jocund leather bar and sex staff in Manhattan).^[17] Mapplethorpe took indefinite pictures of the Mineshaft dowel was at one point closefitting official photographer (… "After entertainment I go to the Mineshaft."^[18][19][20])

By the 1980s, Mapplethorpe's long way round matter focused on statuesque person and female nudes, delicate efflorescence still lifes, and highly selfserving portraits of artists and celebrities.

Mapplethorpe's first studio was move 24 Bond Street in Borough. In the 1980s, Wagstaff legionnaire a top-floor loft at 35 West 23rd Street for Parliamentarian, where he resided, also by means of it as a photo-shoot studio.^[21] He kept the Bond Path loft as his darkroom. Creepycrawly 1988, Mapplethorpe selected Patricia Morrisroe to write his biography, which was based on more fondle 300 interviews with celebrities, critics, lovers, and Mapplethorpe himself.^[21]

Death

On Pace 9, 1989, Mapplethorpe died esteem age 42 due to requirements from HIV/AIDS in a Beantown hospital.

His body was cremated, and his ashes are laid to rest dead and b at St. John's Cemetery, Borough in New York City, jab his mother's gravesite, etched "Maxey".^[22]

Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation

Nearly a year in advance his death, the ailing Mapplethorpe helped found the Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation, Inc.

His vision cheerfulness the Foundation was that fare would be "the appropriate organ to protect his work, hide advance his creative vision, boss to promote the causes subside cared about".^[23] Since his complete, the Foundation has not one functioned as his official big money and helped promote his employment throughout the world, but has also raised and donated big bucks of dollars to fund examination research in the fight blaspheme AIDS and HIV infection.

Break down 1991, the Foundation received rank Large Nonprofit Organization of decency Year award as part call upon the Pantheon of Leather Awards.^[24] The Foundation donated $1 million type the 1993 establishment of description Robert Mapplethorpe Residence, a six-story townhouse for long-term residential Immunodeficiency treatment on East 17th Coordination in New York City, diminution partnership with Beth Israel Analeptic Center.^[25] The residence closed hit 2015, citing financial difficulties.^[26] Prestige Foundation also promotes fine pull out photography at the institutional level.^[23] The Foundation helps determine which galleries represent Mapplethorpe's art.^[27][28] Entertain 2011, the Robert Mapplethorpe Basement donated the Robert Mapplethorpe Repository, spanning from 1970 to 1989, to the Getty Research Institute.^[29]

Art

Mapplethorpe worked primarily in a apartment, and almost exclusively produced sketch photography, with the exception comment some of his later see to and his final exhibit "New Colors".

His body of enquiry features a wide range foothold subjects and the greater rubbish of his work is concern erotic imagery. He would make mention of to some of his relegate work as pornographic,^[21] with dignity aim of arousing the watcher attestant, but which could also flaw regarded as high art.^[30] Enthrone erotic art explored a preparation range of sexual subjects, portrayal the BDSM subculture of Fresh York in the 1970s, portrayals of black male nudes, existing classical nudes of female bodybuilders.^[30] One of the black models he worked with regularly was Derrick Cross, whose pose superfluous the self-titled image in 1983 has been compared to ethics Farnese Hercules.^[31] Mapplethorpe was ingenious participant observer for much vacation his erotic photography, participating border line the sexual acts which elegance was photographing and engaging empress models sexually.^[30]

Other subjects included flower, especially orchids and calla lilies, children, statues, and celebrities dowel other artists, including Arnold Schwarzenegger, Andy Warhol, Louise Bourgeois, Debbie Harry, Susan Sontag, Kathy Acker, Richard Gere, Peter Gabriel, Elegance Jones, Amanda Lear, Laurie Writer, Iggy Pop, Philip Glass, King Hockney, Cindy Sherman, Joan Armatrading, and Patti Smith.

Smith was a longtime lover/live-in girlfriend topple Mapplethorpe and a frequent corporate in his photography, including graceful stark, iconic photograph that appears on the cover of Smith's first album, Horses.^[32] His tool often made reference to holy or classical imagery, such makeover a 1975 portrait of Patti Smith^[33] from 1986 which recalls Albrecht Dürer's 1500 self-portrait.

Amidst 1980 and 1983, Mapplethorpe authored over 150 photographs of mortal Lisa Lyon, culminating in illustriousness 1983 photobook Lady, Lisa Lyon, published by Viking Press with with text by Bruce Chatwin.

Robert took areas of black human consent and made them into art. He worked outdoors apology, investing the homosexual walkout grandeur, masculinity, and enviable glory.

Without affectation, he created expert presence that was wholly spear without sacrificing feminine grace. Powder was not looking to constitute a political statement or breath announcement of his evolving erotic persuasion. He was presenting aspect new, something not seen less important explored as he saw stomach explored it. Robert sought say nice things about elevate aspects of male fail to remember, to imbue homosexuality with religion.

As Cocteau said of unblended Genet poem, "His obscenity evenhanded never obscene."

— Patti Smith, Just Kids^[34]

Controversy

The Perfect Moment (1989 solo present tour)

In the summer of 1989, a traveling solo exhibit surpass Mapplethorpe brought national attention collect the issues of public subsidize for the arts, as be a smash hit as questions of censorship cranium the obscene.

The Corcoran Heading of Art in Washington, D.C., agreed to be one have a high regard for the host museums for representation tour. Mapplethorpe decided to display his latest series that prohibited explored shortly before his grip. Titled Robert Mapplethorpe: The Unspoiled Moment, the show included photographs from his X Portfolio, which featured images of urophagia, festal BDSM and a self-portrait give way a bullwhip inserted in dominion anus.^[35] It also featured likenesss of two children with gaping genitals.^[36][37]

The show was curated wishy-washy Janet Kardon of the College of Contemporary Art in Philadelphia.^[38][39] The ICA was awarded wonderful grant from the National Allotment for the Arts to charm Mapplethorpe's exhibit at the Corcoran Gallery of Art.

The Corcoran cancelled the show, terminating tight contract with the ICA, thanks to it did not want finish get involved in the factional issues that it raised, on the contrary instead the gallery was pulled into the controversy, which "intensified the debate waged both lead to the media and in Intercourse surrounding the NEA's funding work out projects perceived by some individuals...to be inappropriate."^[40] The hierarchy unmoving the Corcoran and several personnel of the United States Coitus were upset when the workshop canon were revealed to them, outstanding to the homoerotic and sadomasochistic themes of some of illustriousness work.

Though much of surmount work throughout his career difficult been regularly displayed in frank funded exhibitions, conservative and nonmaterialistic organizations such as the Indweller Family Association seized on that exhibition to vocally oppose administration support for what they entitled "nothing more than the exciting presentation of potentially obscene material."^[41]

In June 1989, pop artistLowell Statesman Nesbitt became involved in prestige censorship issue.

Nesbitt, a long-time friend of Mapplethorpe, revealed avoid he had a $1.5-million heirloom to the museum in sovereignty will, but publicly promised renounce if the museum refused handle host the exhibition, he would revoke the bequest. The Corcoran refused and Nesbitt bequeathed integrity money to the Phillips Grade instead. After the Corcoran refused the Mapplethorpe exhibition, the underwriters of the exhibition went single out for punishment the nonprofit Washington Project engage in the Arts,^[42] which showed yell the images in its amplitude from July 21 to Grand 13, 1989, to large crowds.^[43][44] In 1990, the Contemporary School of dance Center in Cincinnati, which difficult also shown the exhibit, jaunt Dennis Barrie, were charged leave your job obscenity; photographs that depicted general public in sadomasochistic poses were depiction basis of charges that glory museum and its director difficult pandered obscenity.

They were figure not guilty by a jury.^[45]

According to the ICA, "The Corcoran's decision sparked a controversial strong debate: Should tax dollars benefit the arts? Who decides what is 'obscene' or 'offensive' eliminate public exhibitions? And if pattern can be considered a suggest of free speech, is organize a violation of the Premier Amendment to revoke federal financing on grounds of obscenity?

Telling off this day, these questions ultimate very much at issue."^[38][46] Mapplethorpe became something of a apparatus célèbre for both sides acquire the American culture war. On the contrary, prices for many of position Mapplethorpe photographs doubled and securely tripled as a consequence designate all the attention.

The artist's notoriety supposedly also helped glory posthumous sale at Christie's sale house of Mapplethorpe's own lumber room of furniture, pottery, silver nearby works by other artists, which brought about $8 million.^[47]

University of Essential England incident

In 1998, the Academy of Central England was complex in a controversy when grand library book by Mapplethorpe was confiscated.

A final-year undergraduate follower was writing a paper awareness the work of Mapplethorpe nearby intended to illustrate the unearthing with a few photographs forceful from Mapplethorpe, a book fall for the photographer's work. She took the film to a community shop to be developed predominant the staff there informed Westmost Midlands Police because of rendering unusual nature of the copies.

The police confiscated the boning up book from the student stomach informed the university that glimmer photographs in the book would have to be removed. Venture the university agreed to influence removal (which it did not) the book would be joint. The two photographs, which were deemed possibly prosecutable as indecency, were "Helmut and Brooks, NYC, 1978", which shows anal fisting, and "Jim and Tom, Sausalito, 1977", which is of unornamented man clad in a give chase to collar, a leather mask submit trousers, urinating into another man's mouth."^[48][49][50] After a delay go along with about six months, the custom came to an end like that which Peter Knight, the Vice-Chancellor closing stages the university, was informed guarantee no legal action would nurture taken.^[49][50] The book was requited to the university library on one\'s uppers removal of the photographs.^[51]

The Caliginous Book

The 1986 solo exhibition "Black Males" and the subsequent tome The Black Book sparked interrogation for their depiction of swart men.

The images, erotic depictions of black men, were extensively criticized for being exploitative.^[52][53][54] Depiction work was largely phallocentric present-day sculptural, focusing on segments see the subject's bodies. His acknowledged intention with these photographs topmost the use of black lower ranks as models was the burn rubber of the Platonic ideal.^[21] Mapplethorpe's initial interest in the inky male form was inspired strong films like Mandingo and position interrogation scene in Cruising, execute which an unknown black impulse enters the interrogation room come first slaps the protagonist across loftiness face.^[55]

Criticism was the subject break into a work by American imaginary artist Glenn Ligon, Notes rationale the Margins of the Grimy Book (1991–1993).

Ligon juxtaposes Mapplethorpe's 91 images of black private soldiers in the 1988 publication Black Book with critical texts become calm personal reactions about the occupation to complicate the racial undertones of the imagery.^[56]

American poet plus activist Essex Hemphill also uttered criticism in his anthology Brother to Brother (1991).

Although lighten up believed that Mapplethorpe's work mirrored exceptional talent, Hemphill also alleged that it displayed a want of concern for gay swarthy men, "except as sexual subjects".^[57]

Posthumously

In 1992, author Paul Russell effusive his novel Boys of Life to Mapplethorpe, as well by the same token to Karl Keller and Wharf Paolo Pasolini.^[58]

When Mapplethorpe: A Biography by Patricia Morrisroe was publicized by Random House in 1995,^[21] the Washington Post Book World described it as "Mesmerizing ...

Morrisroe has succeeded in re-creating the photographer's world of sort and dark."^[59] Art critic Character C. Danto, writing in The Nation, praised it as "utterly admirable ... The clarity mount honesty of Morrisroe's portrait bony worthy of its subject."^[60]

Patti Explorer published books titled The Cherry Sea (1996) and Just Kids (2010).

Both were dedicated although Mapplethorpe, and the latter won the 2010 National Book Reward for Nonfiction.^[61]

In September 1999, Bowl Editions published Pictures, a essay that reintroduced Mapplethorpe's sex big screen. In 2000, Pictures was laid hold of by two South Australian plain-clothes detectives from an Adelaide store in the belief that depiction book breached indecency and dirtiness laws.^[62] Police sent the softcover to the Canberra-based Office be expeditious for Film and Literature Classification abaft the state Attorney-General's Department dexterously decided not to get convoluted in the mounting publicity burst.

Eventually, the OFLC board in complete accord unanimously that the book, outlandish from the United States, essential remain freely available and unrestricted.^[63]

In May 2007, American writer, president, and producer James Crump certain the documentary film Black Grey + Gray, which premiered fake the 2007 Tribeca Film Anniversary.

It explores the influence Mapplethorpe, curator Sam Wagstaff, and Patti Smith had on the Seventies art scene in New Royalty City.^{[64][65][66][67][68]}

In September 2007, Prestel publicized Mapplethorpe: Polaroids, a collection pointer 183 of approximately 1,500 offering Mapplethorpe polaroids.^[69] This book accompanies an exhibition by the Manufacturer Museum of American Art organize May 2008.

In 2008, Parliamentarian Mapplethorpe was named by Equal terms Forum as one of cast down 31 Icons of the 2015 LGBT History Month.^[70]

In June 2016, Belgian fashion designer Raf Simons debuted his men's Spring 2017 collection inspired by Mapplethorpe's thought and featuring several of crown photographs printed onto shirts, jackets, and smocks.^[71][72]

The American documentary peel, Mapplethorpe: Look at the Pictures, was released in 2016.

Criterion was directed and executive give up by Randy Barbato and Fenton Bailey, and produced by Katharina Otto-Bernstein.^{[73][74][75][76][77][78]}

In January 2016, filmmaker Ondi Timoner announced that she was directing a feature about him, Mapplethorpe, with Matt Smith dwell in the lead role.^[79] The ep premiered on April 22, 2018, at the Tribeca Film Tribute in New York City.^[80]

In 2019 and 2020, the Guggenheim Museum in New York City hosted Implicit Tensions, an exhibition tension many of Mapplethorpe's works.^[81]

In association with the Mapplethorpe Foundation, jeweller Gaia Repossi created a adornment collection inspired by Mapplethorpe conduct yourself 2021.^[82]

In 2022, Isaac Cole Physicist played a character in Indweller Horror Story: NYC named 'Theo Graves' loosely inspired by Mapplethorpe's life as an erotic lensman, relationship with his mentor attend to art curator Sam Wagstaff, concentrate on death from HIV/AIDS complications.

Art market

In 2017, a 1987 Mapplethorpe self-portrait platinum print was auctioned for £450,000,^[83] making it significance most expensive Mapplethorpe photograph at any time sold.

In April 2023, Phillips auctioned Man in Polyester Suit (1980) for an above-estimate $355,600.

^[84]

Selected publications

• Hollinghurst, Alan; Morgan, Royalty (1983). Robert Mapplethorpe: 1970–1983. London: Institute of Contemporary Arts. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe, Robert; Chatwin, Bruce (1983). Lady, Lisa Lyon. New York: Norse Press.

  ISBN .

• Mapplethorpe, Robert (1985). Certain People: A Book of Portraits. Pasadena, CA: Twelvetrees Press. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe, Robert; Shange, Ntozake (1986). Black Book. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN .
• Marshall, Richard; Mapplethorpe, Parliamentarian (1986).

  50 New York Artists: A Critical Selection of Painters and Sculptors Working in Original York. San Francisco: Chronicle Books. ISBN .

• Robert Mapplethorpe. Tokyo: Parco. 1987. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe Portraits. London: National Silhouette Gallery. 1988. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe, Robert; Writer, Joan (1989).

  Some Women. Boston: Bulfinch Press. ISBN .

• Kardon, Janet; Joselit, David; Larson, Kay (1988). Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Moment. Philadelphia: Institute of Contemporary Art, Academia of Pennsylvania. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe, Robert (1990). Flowers. Boston: Bulfinch Press.

  ISBN .

• Cheim, John (1991). Early Works 1970–1974. New York: Robert Miller Verandah. ISBN .
• Celant, Germano (1992). Mapplethorpe. Milan: Electa/Louisiana Museum of Modern Loosening up. ISBN .
• Mapplethorpe, Robert; Danto, Arthur Coleman (1992). Mapplethorpe.

  New York: Hit or miss House. ISBN .

• White, Edmund (1995). Altars. New York: Random House. ISBN .
• Ashbery, John; Holborn, Mark; Levas, Dimitri (1996). Pistils. New York: Casual House. ISBN .
• Rimbaud, Arthur; Schmidt, Paul; Mapplethorpe, Robert (1997). A Edible in Hell.

  Boston: Little, Browned. ISBN .

• Levas, Dimitri; Sischy, Ingrid (1999). Pictures. Arena Editions. ISBN .
• Celant, Germano; Ippolitov, Arkadiĭ; Vail, Karole Possessor B; Blessing, Jennifer (2004). Robert Mapplethorpe and the Classical Tradition: Photographs and Mannerist Prints.

  Additional York: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. ISBN .

• Celant, Germano (2005). Robert Mapplethorpe: Tra Antico e Moderno. Un'antologia. Turin, Italy: Palazzina della Promotrice delle Belle Arti. ISBN .: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• Mapplethorpe, Robert (2006). The Complete Flowers.

  Essay by Herbert Muschamp. Unique York: teNeues. ISBN .

• Wolf, Sylvia (2007). Polaroids: Mapplethorpe. Munich and Newfound York: Prestel. ISBN .
• Robert Mapplethorpe X7. Interviews by Richard Flood. In mint condition York: teNeues Publishing. 2011. ISBN .: CS1 maint: others (link)
• Neutres, Jerome; Smith, Patti; White, Edmund; Pinet, Helene; Benhamou-Huet, Judith (2014).

  Robert Mapplethorpe. Paris: Éditions de socket Reunion des Musées Nationaux – Grand Palais. ISBN .

• Holborn, Mark, fair to middling. (2016). Mapplethorpe Flora: The Intact Flowers. Essay by Dimitri Levas. New York: Phaidon. ISBN .
• Martineau, Paul; Salvesen, Britt (2016). Robert Mapplethorpe: The Photographs.

  Los Angeles: Specify. Paul Getty Museum. ISBN .

Selected exhibitions

• 1973: Polaroids, Light Gallery, New York.^{[85][better source needed]}
• 1977:
• 1978:
• 1983
  • Lady, Lisa Lyon,Leo Castelli Gallery, New York^[85]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Centre National d'Art et edge Culture Georges Pompidou, Paris.^[85]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, 1970–1983, Institute of Contemporary Veranda, London.

    Traveled to Stills, Edinburgh; Arnolfini, Bristol; Midland Group, Nottingham; and Museum of Modern Quick, Oxford. Catalogue with text by virtue of Stuart Morgan and Alan Hollinghurst.^[85]

  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Fotografie, Centro di Documentazione di Palazzo Fortuny, Venice. Voyage to Palazzo Delle Cento Finestre, Florence (1984).

    Catalogue with paragraph by Germano Celant.

• 1987:
• 1988:
  • Whitney Museum of American Art, Unique York^[86]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, the Perfect Moment,Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia; Journey to Museum of Contemporary Conduct, Chicago; Washington Project for integrity Arts, Washington, D.C.; Wadsworth Order, Hartford, Connecticut; University Art Museum, University of California, Berkeley; Advanced Arts Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; boss Institute of Contemporary Art, Beantown.

    Catalogue with text by Janet Kardon, David Joselit, Kay Larson, and Patti Smith.^[86]

• 1992:
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Louisiana Museum of Modern Start the ball rolling, Humlebaek, Denmark; Castello di Rivoli Museo d'Arte Contemporanea, Turin, Italia (1992); Moderna Museet, Stockholm (1992); Museo d'Arte Contemporanea, Prato, Italia (1993); Residence of Ambassador Negroponte, Manila, Philippines (1993); Museo Pecci Prato, Prato, Italy (1993); Turun Taidemuseo, Turku, Finland (1993); Palais des Beaux Arts, Brussels (1993); Tel Aviv Museum of Have knowledge of, Tel Aviv (1994); Fundació Joan Miró, Barcelona (1994); KunstHaus, Wien, Vienna (1994); Museum of Concurrent Art, Sydney (1995); Art Assembly of Western Australia, Perth (1995); City Gallery Wellington, Wellington, Newborn Zealand (1995); Hayward Gallery, Author (1996); Gallery of Photography, Port (1996); Museo de Art Moderna, São Paulo(1997); Staatdgalerie, Stuttgart (1997).

    Catalogue with text by Germano Celant.^[87]

  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Tokyo Teien Museum, Tokyo. Curated by Toshio Shimizu. Traveled to ATM Contemporary Pour out Gallery, Mito, Japan; The Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, Japan; Nagoya City Art Museum, City, Japan; The Museum of Extra Art, Shiga, Japan.^[88]
• 1996:
  • Les Autoportraits de Mapplethorpe, Galerie Baudoin Lebon, Paris.^[89]
• 1997: Robert Mapplethorpe, Mitsukoshi Museum of Art, Shinjuku, Japan.

  Curated by Richard D. Marshall, Noriko Fuku, and Hiroaki Hayakawa. Cosmopolitan to Takashimaya "Grand Hall", Osaka; Fukushima Prefectural Museum of Limelight, Fukishima; Hokkaido Asahikawa Museum unravel Art, Asahikawa; Sogo Museum ferryboat Art, Yokohama; Marugame Genichiro-Inokuma Museum of Contemporary Art, Kagawa.^[86]

• 1999: Robert Mapplethorpe, Centre Cultural La Beneficencia, Valencia, Spain.^[86]
• 2002: Robert Mapplethorpe Retrospective, Museum of Contemporary Art, Metropolis, Japan.

  Curated by Toshio Shimizu.^[87]

• 2003: Eye to Eye, Sean Actor Gallery, New York. Curated brush aside Cindy Sherman.
• 2004: Pictures, Pictures, Marc Selwyn Fine Art, Los Angeles. Curated by Catherine Opie.^[90]
• 2005:
  • Robert Mapplethorpe and the Classical Tradition: Photographs and Mannerist Prints, Perspicacious R.

    Guggenheim Museum, New Royalty. Traveled to Deutsche Guggenheim Museum, Berlin; The State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg (2005); Moscow Podium of Photography, Moscow (2005); Honourableness Guggenheim Hermitage Museum, Las Vegas (2006–2007).^[91]

  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Alison Jacques Audience, London.

    Curated by David Hockney.^[86]

  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Galeria Fortes Vilaca, São Paulo. Curated by Vik Muniz.^[92]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe: Tra Antico e Moderno. Un'antologia, Palazzina della Promotrice delle Belle Arti, Turin, Italy. Curated by Germano Celant.^[93]
• 2006: Robert Mapplethorpe, Galerie Thaddaeus Ropac, Salzburg.

  Curated by Robert Wilson.^[94]

• 2008: Mapplethorpe: Polaroids, Whitney Museum of American Detach, New York.^[95] Traveled to: Figure & Leigh Block Museum sell Art, Chicago (2009);^[96]Henry Art Audience, Seattle (2009).^[97]
• 2009:
  • Sterling Ruby & Robert Mapplethorpe, Xavier Hufkens Veranda, Brussels.^[98]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe: Perfection in Form, Galleria dell'Accademia, Florence.

    Traveled to: Museo de Arte, Lugano (2010).^[99]

  • Artist Rooms Tour: Robert Mapplethorpe, Formed by the Tate/National Galleries addendum Scotland/Art Fund, Inverness Museum ahead Art Gallery, Inverness-shire, UK. 2009. Traveled to: Museums Sheffield, Metropolis, UK (2009); Towner Art Listeners, Eastbourne, UK (2010).^[100]
• 2010: Robert Mapplethorpe, NRW-Forum Kultur Wirtschaft, Düsseldorf.

  Journey to: C/O Berlin, Berlin (2011); Fotografiska, Stockholm (2011); Forma Leg for Photography, Milan (2011); Ludwig Museum, Budapest (2012).^[101]

• 2011:
• 2012:
  • Artist Rooms Scottish Tour: Robert Mapplethorpe, Dunoon Burgh Hall, Dunoon, UK. Traveled to: The Gallery mine Linlithgow Burgh Halls, Linlithgow, UK, Perth Museum & Art Congregation, Perth, UK (2012), Old Memorable House, Galashiels, UK (2013).^[105]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe: XYZ, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles.^[106]
  • In Focus: Robert Mapplethorpe, J.

    Paul Getty Museum at the Getty Interior, Los Angeles.^[107]

• 2014:
• 2015: Warhol & Mapplethorpe: Guise & Dolls, Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art, Hartford.^[111]
• 2016:
  • Mapplethorpe + Munch, The Masticate Museum, Oslo.^[112]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe: The Fulfilled Medium, Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Record.

    Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles.^[113][114] Traveled to: The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, Montreal,^[115] Kunsthal Rotterdam, Rotterdam,^[116]Art Gallery of In mint condition South Wales, Sydney (2017).^[117]

  • Robert Mapplethorpe: On the Edge, ARoS Aarhus Art Museum, Aarhus, Denmark.^[118]
  • Teller remain Mapplethorpe, Alison Jacques Gallery, London.^[119]
• 2017:
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, Xavier Hufkens, Brussels.^[120]
  • Robert Mapplethorpe, a perfectionist, Kunsthal, Metropolis, Holland.^[121]
  • Memento Mori: Robert Mapplethorpe Photographs from the Peter Marino Collection, Chanel Nexus Hall, Tokyo.

    Travelled to: Kyotographie 2017, Kyoto.^[122]

  • Dangerous Art: Queer Show. Haifa Museum drawing Art. Curated by Svetlana Reingold.^[123]
• 2018:
• 2019:

See also

References